Real power loss reduction by Rock Dove optimization and Fuligo Septica optimization algorithms

This paper aims to use the Rock Dove (RD) optimization algorithm and the Fuligo Septica optimization (FSO) algorithm for power loss reduction. Rock Dove towards a particular place is based on the familiar (sight) objects on the traveling directions. In the formulation of the RD algorithm, atlas and range operator, and familiar sight operators have been defined and modeled. Every generation number of Rock Dove is reduced to half in the familiar sight operator and Rock Dove segment, which hold the low fitness value that occupying the lower half of the generation will be discarded. Because it is implicit that individual’s Rock Dove is unknown with familiar sights and very far from the destination place, a few Rock Doves will be at the center of the iteration. Each Rock Dove can fly towards the final target place. Then in this work, the FSO algorithm is designed for real power loss reduction. The natural vacillation mode of Fuligo Septica has been imitated to develop the algorithm. Fuligo Septica connects the food through swinging action and possesses exploration and exploitation capabilities. Fuligo Septica naturally lives in chilly and moist conditions. Mainly the organic matter in the Fuligo Septica will search for the food and enzymes formed will digest the food. In the movement of Fuligo Septica it will spread like a venous network, and cytoplasm will flow inside the Fuligo Septica in all ends. THE proposed RD optimization algorithm and FSO algorithm have been tested in IEEE 14, 30, 57, 118 and 300 bus test systems and simulation results show the projected RD and FSO algorithm reduced the real power loss

FCC algorithm for power loss diminution

In this work, the FCC algorithm has been applied to the power problem. Real power loss reduction, voltage deviation minimization, and voltage stability enhancement are the key objectives of the proposed work. The proposed FCC algorithm has been modeled based on the competition, communication among teams, and training procedure within the team. The solution has been created based on the team, players, coach, and substitution tactic. A preliminary solution of the problem is produced, and the initialization of the teams depends on the team’s formation with substitute tactics. Mainly fitness function for each solution is computed, and it plays an imperative role in the process of the algorithm. With the performance in the season, promotion and demotion of the teams will be there. Most excellently performed teams will be promoted to a senior division championship, and the most poorly performed team will be demoted to the top lower division league. Ideas and tactics sharing procedure, repositioning procedure, Substitution procedure, seasonal transmit procedure, Promotion and demotion procedure of a team which plays in the confederation cup has been imitated to solve the problem. Similar to an artificial neural network, a learning phase is also applied in the projected algorithm to improve the quality of the solution. Modernization procedure employed sequentially to identify the best solution. With and without voltage stability (L-index) FCC algorithm is evaluated in IEEE 30, bus system. Then the Proposed FCC algorithm has been evaluated in standard IEEE 14, 57,118,300 bus test systems without Lindex. Power loss minimization and voltage stability index improvement have been achieved with voltage deviation minimization

Heat transfer and simulated coronary circulation system optimization algorithms for real power loss reduction

In this paper, the heat transfer optimization (HTO) algorithm and simulated coronary circulation system (SCCS) optimization algorithm has been designed for Real power loss reduction. In the projected HTO algorithm, every agent is measured as a cooling entity and surrounded by another agent, like where heat transfer will occur. Newton’s law of cooling temperature will be updated in the proposed HTO algorithm. Each value of the object is computed through the objective function. Then the objects are arranged in increasing order concerning the objective function value. This projected algorithm time “t” is linked with iteration number, and the value of “t” for every agent is computed. Then SCCS optimization algorithm is projected to solve the optimal reactive power dispatch problem. Actions of human heart veins or coronary artery development have been imitated to design the algorithm. In the projected algorithm candidate solution is made by considering the capillaries. Then the coronary development factor (CDF) will appraise the solution, and population space has been initiated arbitrarily. Then in the whole population, the most excellent solution will be taken as stem, and it will be the minimum value of the Coronary development factor. Then the stem crown production is called the divergence phase, and the other capillaries’ growth is known as the clip phase. Based on the arteries leader’s coronary development factor (CDF), the most excellent capillary leader’s (BCL) growth will be there. With and without L-index (voltage stability), HTO and SCCS algorithm’s validity are verified in IEEE 30 bus system. Power loss minimized, voltage deviation also reduced, and voltage stability index augmented

Household air pollution and blood pressure, vascular damage and sub-clinical indicators of cardiovascular disease in older Chinese adults

Background Limited data suggest that household air pollution from cooking and heating with solid fuel (i.e., coal and biomass) stoves may contribute to the development of hypertension and vascular damage. Methods Using mixed-effects regression models, we investigated the associations of household air pollution with blood pressure (BP) and vascular function in 753 adults (ages 40-79y) from three diverse provinces in China. We conducted repeated measures of participants’ household fuel use, personal exposure to fine particulate air pollution (PM2.5), BP, brachial-femoral pulse wave velocity (bfPWV), and augmentation index. Ultrasound images of the carotid arteries were obtained to assess intima-media thickness (CIMT) and plaques. Covariate information on socio-demographics, health behaviors, 24-h urinary sodium, and blood lipids was also obtained. Results Average estimated yearly personal exposure to PM2.5 was 97.5 μg/m 3 (SD: 79.2; range: 3.5-1241), and 65% of participants cooked with solid fuel. In multivariable models, current solid fuel use was associated with higher systolic (2.4 mmHg, 95%CI: -0.4, 4.9) and diastolic BP (1.4 mmHg, 95%CI: -0.1, 3.0) and greater total area of plaques (1.7 mm 2, 95%CI: -6.5, 9.8) compared with exclusive use of electricity or gas stoves. A 1-ln(µg/m 3) increase in PM2.5 exposure was associated with higher systolic (1.5 mmHg, 95%CI: 0.2, 2.7) and diastolic BP (1.0 mmHg, 95%CI: 0.4, 1.7) and with greater CIMT (0.02 mm, 95%CI: 0.00, 0.04) and total area of plaques (4.7 mm 2, 95%CI: -2.0, 11.5). We did not find associations with arterial stiffness, except for a lower bfPWV (-1.5 m/s, 95%CI: -3.0, -0.0) among users of solid fuel heaters. Conclusions These findings add to limited evidence that household air pollution is associated with higher BP and with greater CIMT and total plaque area

Cross-sectional study of household solid fuel use and renal function in older adults in China

Background Emerging evidence links outdoor air pollution and declined renal function but the relationship between household air pollution and renal function is not well understood. Methods Using cross-sectional data from the multi-provincial INTERMAP-China Prospective Study, we collected blood samples and questionnaire information on stove use and socio-demographic factors. We calculated estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) from serum creatinine to assess renal function. Participants with eGFR <60 mL/min per 1.73 m2 were defined as having chronic kidney disease (CKD) in this analysis. Generalized estimating equations were used to estimate the association of household fuel with renal function and prevalent CKD in models adjusting for confounders. Results Among the 646 enrolled adults (40-79y; 56% female), one-third exclusively used clean fuel (gas and electric) cookstoves and 11% of northern China participants (n = 49 of 434) used only clean fuel heaters, whereas the rest used solid fuel. In multivariable models, use of solid fuel cookstoves was associated with 0.17 ml/min/1.73 m2 (95% CI: −0.30, 0.64) higher eGFR and 19% (0.86, 1.64) higher prevalence of CKD than exclusive clean fuel use. Greater intensity of solid fuel use was associated with 0.25 ml/min/1.73 m2 (−0.71, 0.21) lower eGFR per 5 stove-use years, though the confidence intervals included the null, while greater current intensity of indoor solid fuel use was associated with 1.02 (1.00, 1.04) higher prevalent CKD per 100 stove-use days per year. Larger associations between current solid fuel use and intensity of use with lower eGFR and prevalent CKD were observed among participants in southern China, those with hypertension or diabetes (eGFR only), and females (CKD only), through these groups had small sample sizes and some confidence intervals included the null. Conclusion We found inconsistent evidence associating household solid fuel use and renal function in this cross-sectional study of peri-urban Chinese adults

An Estimate of the Numbers and Density of Low-Energy Structures (or Decoys) in the Conformational Landscape of Proteins

The conformational energy landscape of a protein, as calculated by known potential energy functions, has several minima, and one of these corresponds to its native structure. It is however difficult to comprehensively estimate the actual numbers of low energy structures (or decoys), the relationships between them, and how the numbers scale with the size of the protein.We have developed an algorithm to rapidly and efficiently identify the low energy conformers of oligo peptides by using mutually orthogonal Latin squares to sample the potential energy hyper surface. Using this algorithm, and the ECEPP/3 potential function, we have made an exhaustive enumeration of the low-energy structures of peptides of different lengths, and have extrapolated these results to larger polypeptides.We show that the number of native-like structures for a polypeptide is, in general, an exponential function of its sequence length. The density of these structures in conformational space remains more or less constant and all the increase appears to come from an expansion in the volume of the space. These results are consistent with earlier reports that were based on other models and techniques

Optimization of production, biochemical characterization and In Vitro evaluation of the therapeutic potential of fibrinolytic enzymes from a new Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens

The capacity of fibrinolytic enzymes to degrade blood clots makes them of high relevance in medicine and in the pharmaceutical industry. In this work, forty-three microorganisms of the genus Bacillus were evaluated for their potential to produce fibrinolytic proteases. Thirty bacteria were confirmed as producers of fibrinolytic enzymes, the best results obtained for the strain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens UFPEDA 485. The optimization of the enzyme production conditions was done by a central composite design (CCD) star 23 that allowed to define the optimal conditions for soybean flour and glucose concentrations and agitation rate. The highest fibrinolytic activity (FA) of 813 U mL-1 and a degradation of blood clot in vitro of 62% were obtained in a medium with 2% (w/v) of soybean flour and 1% (w/v) glucose at 200 rpm after 48 h of cultivation, at pH 7.2 and 37 °C. The obtained fibrinolytic enzyme was characterized biochemically. Fibrinolytic activity was inhibited by PMSF (fluoride methylphenylsulfonyl - C7H7FO2S) 91.52% and EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid - C10H16N2O8) 89.4%, confirming to be a serine- metallo protease. The optimum pH and temperature were 7.0 and 37 oC, respectively, and the enzyme was stable for 12 h. The fibrinolytic activity at physiological conditions of this enzyme produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens UFPEDA 485, as well as its long term stability, demonstrate that it has suitable characteristics for human and veterinary applications, and promises to be a powerful drug for the treatment of vascular diseases.We express our thanks to Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Level Education Personnel (CAPES) - Doctoral Sandwich Program (PDSE) Nº 0259/ 12-8 and National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) - Nº 202026/2011-6 for the financial support